The First Chinese
By Dr. Clyde Winters
Edited by Ogu-Eji-Ofo-Annu
It can be reasonably assumed that the first inhabitants of the chinese mainland were Black Brown Africans from East, West and Central regions of Africa given that the earliest human skeletal remains in China are of “Negro” (or “Negritos†a psuedo-scientific term commonly used today) people. The next oldest skeletal type after the period of predominance of the African immigrants were the Classical Mongoloids or Austronesian speakers.
Archaeological research makes it clear that “Negroids” (read: Central African skeletal types) were very common to ancient China. F. Weidenreich in Bull. Nat. Hist. Soc. Peiping 13, (1938-30) noted that the one of the earliest skulls from north China found in the Upper Cave of Chou-k’ou-tien, was of a Oceanic Negroid/ Melanesoid ” (p.163). This is the so-called Peking Man. This would place people in China during the Mesolithic looking like African/Negro people , not native American.
These Blacks were the dominant group in South China. Kwang-chih Chang, writing in the 4th edition of Archaeology of ancient China (1986) wrote that:” by the beginning of the Recent (Holocene) period the population in North China and that in the southwest and in Indochina had become sufficiently differentiated to be designated as Mongoloid and OCEANIC NEGROID races respectively….”(p.64). By the Upper Pleistocene the Negroid type was typified by the Liu-chiang skulls from Yunnan (Chang, 1986, p.69).
Negroid skeletons dating to the early periods of Southern Chinese history have been found in Shangdong, Jiantung, Sichuan, Yunnan, Pearl River delta and Jiangxi especially at the initial sites of Chingliengang (Ch’ing-lien-kang) and Mazhiabang (Ma chia-pang) phases (see: K.C. Chang, The archaeology of ancient China, (Yale University Press:New Haven,1977) p.76) . The Chingliengang culture is often referred to as the Ta-wen-k’ou (Dawenkou) culture of North China. The presence of Negroid skeletal remains at Dawenkou sites make it clear that Negroes spread out from the North to South China. The Dawenkou culture predates the Lung-shan culture which is associated with the Xia civilization.
Many researchers believe that the Yi of Southern China were the ancestors of the Austronesian, Polynesian and Melanesian people.
In the Chinese literature the Blacks were called li-min, Kunlung, Ch’iang (Qiang), Yi and Yueh. The founders of the Xia Dynasty and the Shang Dynasties were blacks. These blacks were called Yueh and Qiang. The modern Chinese are descendants of the Zhou. The second Shang Dynasty (situated at Anyang) was founded by the Yin. As a result this dynasty is called Shang-Yin.
The Yin or Classical/Oceanic Mongoloid type is associated with the Austronesian speakers ( Kwang-chih Chang, “Prehistoric and early historic culture horizons and traditions in South China”, Current Anthropology, 5 (1964) pp.359-375 :375). Djehuti your Austronesian or Oceanic ancestors were referred to in the Chinese literature as Yin, Feng, Yen, Zhiu Yi and Lun Yi.
It is not clear that contemporary European and Chinese people are descendants of the original Black population which lived in Europe and Asia; neither is it clear that the Chinese are descendants of the Austronesian speaking people.
Textual evidence and the skeletal record seem to indicate that contemporary Chinese and European people come out of nowhere after 1500 BC, the European Sea People came from the North and attacked Egypt, and the Chinese (Hua) people came from the North and ran the Black Qiang and Yueh tribes, along with the Austronesian Yin (classical mongoloid or Austronesian speakers) off the Chinese mainland back into Southeast Asia or on to the Pacific Islands.
Marcelo
You find the article bizzare because you have limited knowledge of the Austronesian-speaking ancestors of most of today’s Filipinos, Indonesians, Malaysians, Hawaiians, Samoans, Fijians. You need to read more, research more, develope your mind, ask more questions and conduct independent analysis to arrive at objective truth.
But, by your insolent hog-wash about “Black” Africans I believe you are a Pinkoid (aka Pale-Pink coloured person). Why do I say so? Because only some Right Wing Pinkoid Nut or a zombie they produced would have the gall to contest the history of African Fijians.
Now Learn:
by Peta Young
Fiji, an island archipelago in the Pacific Ocean in the southern tropics is a holiday paradise It has the honor of being the first place on Earth to welcome the new day. It lies longitudinally on the 180th meridian, the International Date Line, which makes a special bend eastwards around the island group so that Fijians will all keep the same time. Fiji is twelve hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time.
3,500 years ago, natives from Tanganyika in East Africa arrived from the south-west, and from the north-east, Polynesians and Melanesians paddled their canoes to Fiji to settle in this new land. The natives gradually scattered across the country forming village groups throughout the islands. Until 150 years ago, warring and cannibalism among these early settlers was quite common. But when the first missionaries arrived in 1840 and introduced Christianity, the Fijians were transformed into the gentle, peace-loving devout Christians that we know today.
Of the 330 Fijian islands, only 106 are inhabited. Most of the population of just under one million live on the largest island, Vita Levu. Fiji islanders and Fiji-Indians are the main inhabitants while other islanders, Chinese and Europeans are in the minority. Fiji is a developing country with abundant forest, mineral and fish resources and a thriving sugar industry. Tourism is growing with approximately 350,000 visitors annually. Many come especially to dive among the beautiful coral reefs that surround each island.
The recent military coup has adversely affected Fiji’s business economy and the European Union has suspended all aid until the next elections. This has resulted in a drastic down-turn in the building industry because of a lack of available funds. The economy of Fiji is severely depressed with 25% of the people living below the poverty line.
The Fiji-Indians are the businessmen and the towns and city streets are lined with all manner of shops and businesses almost all owned by the Indians. Each town has at least one market place where tourists can have fun bartering for items on sale. The wide variety of stalls offer local fruit and vegetables, wonderful exotic spices like turmeric, ginger, cardamom and chillies, sulis, sarongs, colorful shirts, hand made arts and crafts, beads, pearls, shells, plus many more delights it is almost impossible to visit the market place and come away empty handed.
While the Fiji-Indians are relatively prosperous, the Fijian natives are a family-oriented community who live mainly in villages. They live a hunter/gatherer lifestyle, with the villagers helping each other. They grow their own fruit and vegetables and keep chickens, goats and cows for eggs, milk and meat. They are practically self-sufficient for their day-to-day sustenance This style of community living is all-encompassing, with each family member from the oldest to the youngest being treated as a person of worth. Many Fijians are employed in the luxury tourist resorts, sugar mills, and other laboring jobs where they work for just $1 – $2 an hour.
A visit to Fiji is a step back in time there are no high-rise buildings, crowds, commercialism, fast cars (there is an 80kph speed limit), in fact, it’s as if you have entered a time warp from the 1970s. The pace is slower Fiji time’. That is how things are done here no hurry, so just settle back and enjoy your Fijian holiday. Bula!
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A factual guide to Fiji – Australia & South Pacific – Helium – by …
3500 years ago, natives from Tanganyika in East Africa arrived from the … While the Fiji-Indians are relatively prosperous, the Fijian natives are a …
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Chronological History of Tanganyika (Tanzania)
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More lectures for the young developing mind of Marcelo and similarly challenged wannabe scholars:
(1) Fijians believe that they originated from the shores of Lake Tanganyika (“fish bag” in Fijian) situated on the western border of Tanganyika (East Africa). Fable records that Lutunasobasoba, a powerful chief and navigator, guided his people in their huge ocean going canoes to their final landing place at Vuda (our source) on Viti Levu’s western coast near Ba. Interestingly, one of the largest coastal river systems in Tanganyika (now Tanzania) is the Rufiji – made famous by the German Cruiser, the SMS Konigsberg, and von Lettow Vorbeck, the German General who kept the British Allies on the run throughout World War One.
(2)Finally, our limited genetic data from Tanzanians belonging to haplogroups M1, N1, and J suggest 2 alternatives that are not mutually exclusive. Populations in Tanzania may have been important in the migration of modern humans from Africa to other regions, as noted in previous studies of other populations in eastern Africa (Quintana-Murci et al. 1999). For example, mtDNAs of Tanzanians belonging to haplogroup M1 cluster with peoples from Oceania, whereas Tanzanian mtDNAs belonging to haplogroup N1 and J cluster with peoples of Middle Eastern and Eurasian origin. However, the presence of haplogroups N1 and J in Tanzania suggest “back” migration from the Middle East or Eurasia into eastern Africa, which has been inferred from previous studies of other populations in eastern Africa (Kivisild et al. 2004). These results are intriguing and suggest that the role of Tanzanians in the migration of modern humans within and out of Africa should be analyzed in greater detail after more extensive data collection, particularly from analysis of Y-, X-, and autosomal chromosome markers. Our analyses of African mtDNAs suggest populations in eastern Africa have played an important and persistent role in the origin and diversification of modern humans.
Gonder et al., 2006
I trust this helps Marcelo:
African Philipines http://www.africaresource.com/rasta/index.php?s=black+philipines+
African China http://www.africaresource.com/rasta/sesostris-the-great-the-egyptian-hercules/the-forgotten-people-by-lauren-k-clark/
African China http://www.africaresource.com/rasta/sesostris-the-great-the-egyptian-hercules/ancient-black-chinese-from-east-africa-by-prof-jin-li-2/
African Taiwan http://www.africaresource.com/rasta/sesostris-the-great-the-egyptian-hercules/the-black-african-foundation-of-china-honouring-the-aboriginal-black-people-of-china/
The facts are that all homo sapiens came out of the region of the world now called Africa. Why are we still so focused on race? The genetic differences between races are so negligible as to me laughable. We are one. Human beings, full stop!
Our focus should be to eliminate negative belief systems which divide us like religions and belief in the supernatural. I have a blog where I talk more about this from my perspective as a black british woman. You are free to dis/agree.
In the words of Bill Cosby – ‘Come on People’ – wake up!
Zee
oh please gimme a break, don’t equate chinese to africans please.
anyway the genetics study already show that everyone came from african right ?
why try to claim ?
The fanaticism with which the yellow man tries to run away from any connection with the blackman in order to cleave to the white man is proof positive that black leaders need to cease getting in between conflict involving these two parties. Black people spend a lot of political capital supporting the positions of yellow and brown in their conflicts with white, with no reciprocity from these groups. And too often we discover that they can be even more vituperative in their anti black prejudice than the very whites we condemn.
Let them fight their own battles and concentrate on ours. They are never there for us anyway.
I’d like to reiterate a fundamental point that seems to be passed over- Peking man was a homo erectus, NOT a homo sapien. That is, a completely different species. Jin Li, the Chinese scientist cited here, supports the “out of Africa” theory, and denies that modern Chinese could have evolved out of Peking man. Dr. Winters does not acknowledge these facts, which is enough to dismiss his argument.