Original West Africans Of Ancient Greece!!! The Black (First) Europeans III

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Genetic Linkages Between West Africa and Ancient Greece:

HLA genes allele distribution has been studied in Mediterranean and sub-Saharan populations. Their relatedness has been tested by genetic distances, neighbour-joining dendrograms and correspondence analyses.

The population genetic relationships have been compared with the history of the classical populations living in the area. A revision of the historic postulates would have to be undertaken, particularly in the cases when genetics and history are overtly discordant. HLA genomics shows that: 1) Greeks share an important part of their genetic pool with sub-Saharan Africans (Ethiopians and west Africans) also supported by Chr 7 Markers.

The gene flow from Black Africa to Greece may have occurred in Pharaonic times or when Saharan people emigrated after the present hyperarid conditions were established (5000 years B.C.).

2) Turks (Anatolians) do not significantly differ from other Mediterraneans, indicating that while the Asians Turks carried out an invasion with cultural significance (language), it is not genetically detectable.

3) Kurds and Armenians are genetically very close to Turks and other Middle East populations.

4) There is no HLA genetic trace of the so called Aryan invasion, which has only been defined on doubtful linguistic bases.

5) Iberians, including Basques, are related to north-African Berbers.

6) Present-day Algerian and Moroccan urban and country people show an indistinguishable Berber HLA profile.

Authors:

Arnaiz-Villena A, Gomez-Casado E, Martinez-Laso J.

Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.

Tissue Antigens. 2002 Aug;60(2):111-21.

PMID: 12392505 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE]

Article: Population genetic relationships between Mediterranean populations determined by HLA allele distribution and a historic perspective.


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146 thoughts on “Original West Africans Of Ancient Greece!!! The Black (First) Europeans III”

  1. Hello

    I was not offended Andrea at all, but I accept in kindness. I love the diffrances as you stated from all parts of this Earth. I studied most of them, and like the best they offer. My genetic and cultural back ground is Romanian/Balkin, and my mothers is German. I am first generation US, I was not raised like US I was raised the old cultural way as Euro. I have a problem with US people in this that its not we but I way of thinking, this I even still have a prolems with. May I ask you whats your cultural and genetics. I would like to know?
    I do not find a problem with my loving to call all the people on the earth my family I really feel they are. I dont feel seprate from my African brothers as well as my Asian and Euro brothers I ask whats wrong with that? I have been to many exotic and great counties in this world and find all people can smile and eat and cry all in the same way. From your statments I feel you feel detached from the whole and cannot accept someone who may look diffrent then you? Or does it go deeper?
    Again I never took offence to your statments I was just trying to understand why you said this in that way.

    1. What you said was beautiful. I, too, am able to make a connection with everyone regardless of skin colour. People like andrea will always look for difference. I think the creature suffers from a disease of the mind which renders it unable to connect with people of different cultures.

  2. The Arnaiz-Villena controversy

    The disputed data continues to be cited all over the Internet, mostly by White Supremacists, Afrocentrists and Macedonian Slav nationalists who have POLITICAL MOTIVATIONS to relate modern or ancient Greeks to black Africans. However, it’s no longer referenced by population geneticists in contemporary research, mainly due to the criticism of Cavalli-Sforza et al.

    SUB-SAHARAN DNA ADMIXTURE IN EUROPE

    The descendants of the sub-Saharan Africans who first began the Great Diaspora about 70 millennia ago can be distinguished from the sub-Saharan groups who helped to re-colonize Europe after the glaciers melted 16 millennia ago, and from sub-Saharan people who crossed or went around the Mediterranean in Ancient Egyptian or Roman times or thereafter as slaves, soldiers, settlers, or traders.

    Although mtDNA and Y-DNA can quantifiably estimate a modern population’s overall admixture, the approach cannot measure an individual’s genealogy. You had about a million ancestors alive in the year 1500, but only two of them carried your mtDNA and Y-DNA. Differences between the patterns of mtDNA and Y-DNA can suggest why populations migrated: military conquest tends to propagate Y lineages but leave mtDNA lineages in place (men conquer, women get raped), mass migrations in search of a new homeland tend to propagate mtDNA and Y lineages equally, and a slave trade tends to propagate mtDNA lineages but leave Y lineages in place (female slaves are encouraged to propagate, males are not).

    According to a summary study by Pereira et al. 2005,[3] sub-Saharan mtDNA L haplogroups were found at rates of 0.62% in a German-Danish sample, 1% in the British, 3.83% in Iberians (Portuguese and Spanish), 2.38% in Albanians, 2.86% in Sardinians and 0.94% in Sicilians.

    Another study by Gonzalez et al. 2003[4] found L haplogroups at rates of 0.1% in Scotland, 0.4% in England, 0.7% in North Germany, 1.4% in France, 2.9% in Galicia, 2.2% in Northern Portugal, 4.3% in Central Portugal, and 8.6% in Southern Portugal (Alentejo and Algarve)(note that these figures do not count the L3 lineage, which may be of ancient introduction and so remains ambiguous). For comparison, sub-Saharan mtDNA runs 21.8% in North Africa.

    Sub-Saharan African Y-chromosomes are much less common in Europe, for the reasons discussed above. However, Haplogroups E(xE3b) and Haplogroup A spread to Europe due to migrations from Northeast Africa, rather than the slave trade. The haplotypes have been detected in Portugal (3%), Spain (0.42%), Germany (2%), Austria (0.78%), France (2.5% in a very small sample), Italy (0.45%), Sardinia (1.6%) and Greece (0.27%). By contrast, North Africans have about 5% paternal black admixture.

    http://www.answers.com/topic/sub-saharan-dna-admixture-in-europe

  3. I think it is obvious that Southern Europeans and Middle Easterners have African admixture and a denial of this to me is only an attempt to hold on the the Caucasian supremacist ideas of the past that assume Caucasians as a pure race that claimed all of the great civilizations of the world and how blacks (who were now a second class group all aover the world) had not contributed anything to the world.
    To even admit admixture is to admit to the inferiority of Caucasians or minimize their greatness in the world to such people. Or at the very least call their grandfathers and greatgrandfathers liars; which they were. As I stated before that mixture can occur in different degrees. A mixture of 25 percent Africoid with Caucasiod will look different than one of 5 percent, or 50 percent, 70 percent or 90 percent. And the genetics will be different as well.

    Check out the original black ancestors of
    Middle Eastern Populations:

    http://www.andaman.org/BOOK/chapter47/text47.htm/sweet4.html

    Also check out the specifics of when Negroids and Caucasiods mix in different degrees:

    http://interracialvoice.com

    http://www.backintyme.com/essay040608.htm

    Southern Europeans are an admixture of Negroid and Caucasiods. They are obviously not a 60-90 percent Africoid mixture but the results of heavy mixture can be still seen in certain areas.

    By reading the above links everyone will understand why Afro-Americans might call some of these people really black. However, there is no doubt even from ancient greek records that Blacks settled in southern Europe and mixed into the population creating a darker skinned population with curlier hair than what they were before; like their northern pinkish, light and straight haired brothers to the north.

    Godbless

  4. ‘The primary defect of such studies is that the authors relied on a single genetic marker, the HLA-DRB1 gene, to determine the genetic closeness of a large number of ethnic groups from Africa, the Near East, and the Mediterranean. Commenting on the work of this research group, Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza-probably the world’s leading expert on studies of this sort-and his colleagues stated, “Using results from the analysis of a single marker, particularly one likely to have undergone selection, for the purpose of reconstructing genealogies is unreliable and unacceptable practice in population genetics.”37 Greeks clustered with other European populations on genetic maps, far from the aggregation of North African and sub-Saharan groups.’
    – The Gene Wars: Diana Muir Appelbaum ; Paul S. Appelbaum

  5. I find all the postulation of mass-interbreeding ridiculous. Human beings are, by nature, xenophobic. It is only in an over-populated world rife with “political correctness” that you find any notable evidence of interbreeding among persons of different cultural background. To put it in laymen’s terms, ancient “blacks” and “whites” likely would have been frightened by one another by appearance alone, and probably would have been distrustful and suspicious of one another. Only 500 years ago Brits and Scots hated one another passionately, and these are white people with virtually identicle physical characteristics and language…and we’re supposed to believe fair-skinned Greeks and black Africans who not only looked different but came from different cultures with different languages and different religions got along so harmoniously that they interbred to such an extreme? You’ve got to be kidding me. If you want to leave white northern Europeans such as the Brits and Scots out of the argument, fine—look no further than the Hutus and Tutsis who fought to wipe each other off the face of the earth…and these were African “brothers”.

  6. This research was funded by Zionist George Soros (Hungary) in order to add some scientific basis to his anti-hellenic propaganda, but failed dramatically. That’s why this “study” was never accepted by Nature and Lancet, both journals simply characterising it as ridiculous claims lacking scientific integrity. He only used something like 2 genetic markers which is completely unacceptable. On the contrary, a study conducted by Prof. Triantafyllides (Aristotle University) in collaboration with various universities in Europe and Turkey proved that ancient Greek mitochondrial DNA from skeleton found at archaeological sites matched modern Greek DNA at a degree of 99%. So…a message to Mr Soros, or György Schwartz if you prefer his jewish name, is simply a devoted zionist and he is obsessed with anti-hellenic propaganda. But bear in mind that no matter how much money you offer to scientists to fabricate “studies”, the truth will never be obscured. And never forget Mr Scwartz, that when the Hellenes reached the Zenith in every single science and art, your people were living in darkness, somewhere in the steppes of Mongolia or in the sub-saharan deserts. LUX ET VERITAS INVICTUS

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