The Original Black African Arabs of Arabia (Part 2) — Ogu Eji-Ofo Annu

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The Original Black Arabs of Arabia – Part 2

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Ogu Eji-Ofo Annu

Arabia the Daughter of Kush

The classical Greek and Roman writers commonly accepted the division of Arabia into Deserta (desert), Felix (happy), and Petraea (stony). Not much is known today about the exact configuration of those divisions. Later day Islamic Arabic geographers know nothing of this division, and this is not surprising since many of those later day Arabs are actually immigrants that later acculturated and assimilated into the culture of the original Black Arabs.

Arab geographers of the Islamic period divided Arabia generally into five provinces: The first is Yemen, embracing the whole south of the peninsula and including Hadramaut, Mahra, Oman, Shehr, and Nejran. The second is Hijaz, on the west coast and including Mecca and Medina, the two famous centres of Islam. The third is Tehama, along the same coast between Yemen and Hijaz. The fourth is Nejd, which includes most of the central table-land, and the fifth is Yamama, extending all the wide way between Yemen and Nejd. This division is also inadequate, for it omits the greater part of North and East Arabia.

A more recent division of Arabia, according to politico-geographical principles, is into seven provinces: Hijaz, Yemen, Hadramaut, Oman, Hasa, Irak, and Nejd. It has always been the assertion of experts that certain tribes that lived on the coast of Yemen and on the coast of Ethiopia and Eriteria were almost identical. The linkages between Ethiopia Kush and Arabia must be considered in the context of any discourse on Arab people, or more precisely stated the Black Africans of Arabia.

Ethiopia-Kush

As stated in the preceding paragraph, the key to understanding the origin and culture of the Arabs is through African Kushitic Ethiopia.

Contacts between eastern Africa and Arabia have existed since the time immemorial. Archeological evidence has demonstrated that Africans of the Caspian culture probably moved across the Strait of Bab El Mandel and implanted the same Caspian culture in Arabia on the other side of the strait. See Leaky, L.S.B., Stone Age Africa pp 38-78.

The Strait of Bab-El-Mandel, which separates Africa from Arabia, is quite narrow at some points averaging a couple of days journey on a sea raft or small canoe. Communication and travel have consequently been possible since pre-historic times.

It will thus not be a surprising claim to the well informed that East African people (being the first aboriginals of the earth) have long settled in Arabia as the original inhabitants. For instance, besides the Caspian culture, African people also founded the so-called Afro-Arabian Tihama cultural complex in the mid-2nd millennium.

In addition to the coastal site of Adulis in Eritrea and sites farther inland in Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Sudan, vestiges of the Tihama cultural complex are represented on the Saudi coastal plains and the western and southern coasts of Yemen. (Fattovich 1997).

Moreover, African settlements were further stimulated by the growth of the Egyptian state from the 4th millennium onward, with more extensive migration of African population in Arabia around the 3rd and 2nd millennia B.C. Semitic speaking settlers from Ethiopia-Kush settled in Arabia built complex cultures and civilizations of which the later Assyrians, Greeks, Romans and Jews would document for coming generations. See Josephus Book 1.

Long before Yemen had become a politically articulated entity, the Ethiopian-Axumites had built many powerful states along the coast of Red Sea and the hilly countries of Ethiopia such as ancient Adulis, Coloe, Yeha Tokanda, and the so called Ethio-Sabean state of Daamat (circa 800-600 B.C.) etc. Ethiopia-Axum, the ancient dominant power in the region, gradually incorporated the African-Yemenites into its political sway.

By 12th century B.C. Southern Arabia fell under the complete control of the Ethiopian-Axumites through their long domination of the Red Sea trade routes. The first kingdom built by the Ethiopian-Axumites in Arabia was Saba just across the straits in Yemen in 800 B.C. See Ephraim Isaac and Cain Felder, “Reflections on the Origins of the Ethiopian Civilization”, Eight International Conference of Ethiopian Studies, November 1984. Successive civilisations of Mineans, Sabaeans and Himyarites interacted closely with their counterparts in Ethiopia.

For a while the Ethiopian-Kushitic Arabs focussed their energies on the Yemeni side of the coast in states like Saba and Daamat. Products were shipped into Yemen from Ethiopia and exported all over the world through the Red Sea.

Following the decline of Saba and Daamat, the international trade hub moved to the kingdom of Axum on the opposite side of the Red Sea coast. From its seaports such as Adulis, Ethiopian-Kushites, Axum’s trade network extended from Egypt as far as India.

Axum survived for more than 2500 years as a great state dominating the Red Sea regions although western historians would grudgingly concede 800 years. It occupied and ruled southern Arabia for part of this period. Utilitarian Aksumite pottery has been found in large quantities in deposits from the 5th and 6th centuries in the Yemen Hadramawt, suggesting that there may have been substantial immigration during that period. Axumites descended groups such as the Habashahs, still live in southern Yemen today fully cognizant of their African origins and connections.

Indeed, interaction between Yemen and Ethiopia in ancient times is sometimes compared with the historical relationship between Europe and America, with the Red Sea as substitute for the Atlantic Ocean.

THE BEJA PEOPLE: HABITAT AND HISTORY

Another important group of Black African groups who contributed genetically, and culturally to the formation of the Arabs are the Bejas otherwise called the Blemmyes. It appears that the Blemmyes as encountered in classical literature provided the foundation for the ethnic group known today as Bedouins.

The indigenous Beja people are nomads who have inhabited the semi-desert area in the Red Sea coast of Sudan and the hilly country behind it for thousands of years. The ancient Egyptians referred to them as the people of Buka or Medju (Medjay), the Romans dubbed them Blemmyes and in the Odessa they were described as Erembes. They are a Kushitic-Khemitic people who spoke a mixed dialect of semitic and Cushitic language. They identify themselves today as the most original and ancient of the Arab tribes.

Kemitic Pharaohs called them Absha, meaning the desert dwellers that is, the Bedouins in Arabic language – and Ramses II called them Beja, purporting fighters. Thus one can reasonably see the Bejas as fulfilling the Arab Bedouin archetype of the fearsome, nomadic owners of the Sahara, highly temperamental but compassionate. Throughout history, they have been regarded as very efficient fighting machines. It is important to note that besides the Nubians, it is well documented that the Beja were employed in the Egyptian army and were credited for their courage and fortitude during the expulsion of the Hyksos from Egypt.

The Roman Historian Ammianus Marcellinus inspite of his odious ethno-centrism provides us more clues on the racial and ethnic identity of the earliest Arabs. In his book The Roman History, Book XIV.iv.1-7. (380 A.D.)) the Saracens a named that was used to describe the Arabs in both ancient and modern times (stems most likely from the Arabic Sarqiyyun, meaning ‘easterners’) were described as the Blemmys tribes who lived along the banks of the Nile beyond the cataracts. According to Ammianus Marcellinus:

“Book XIV.4:
At this time also the Saracens, a race whom it is never desirable to have either for friends or enemies, ranging up and down the country, if ever they found anything, plundered it in a moment, like rapacious hawks who, if from on high they behold any prey, carry it off with a rapid swoop, or, if they fail in their attempt, do not tarry. And although, in recounting the career of the Prince Marcus, and once or twice subsequently, I remember having discussed the manners of this people, nevertheless I will now briefly enumerate a few more particulars concerning them.

Among these tribes, whose primary origin is derived from the cataracts of the Nile and the borders of the Blemmyae, all the men are warriors of equal rank; half naked, clad in colored cloaks down to the waist, overrunning different countries, with the aid of swift and active horses and speedy camels, alike in times of peace and war. Nor does any member of their tribe ever take plow in hand or cultivate a tree, or seek food by the tillage of the land; but they are perpetually wandering over various and extensive districts, having no home, no fixed abode or laws; nor can they endure to remain long in the same climate, no one district or country pleasing them for a continuance.

Their life is one continued wandering; their wives are hired, on special covenant, for a fixed time; and that there may be some appearance of marriage in the business, the intended wife, under the name of a dowry, offers a spear and a tent to her husband, with a right to quit him after a fixed day, if she should choose to do so. And it is inconceivable with what eagerness the individuals of both sexes give themselves up to matrimonial pleasures.

But as long as they live they wander about with such extensive and perpetual migrations, that the woman is married in one place, brings forth her children in another, and rears them at a distance from either place, no opportunity of remaining quiet being ever granted to her. They all live on venison, and are further supported on a great abundance of milk, and on many kinds of herbs, and on whatever birds they can catch by fowling. And we have seen a great many of them wholly ignorant of the use of either corn or wine.”

The Black African Bejas/Saracens also called the Blemmys gave to the Arabs of today (blacks and pales) the knowledge to live in the Sahara as well as the most basic cultural elements that define the Bedouin culture including nomadic identity, marital culture and martial arts. For instance, the war-like Blemmyes (Beja) had normally fought with curiously shaped bows, and it was from them that the tribes of Hijaz and Yemen (in Arabia) and the other Arab tribes adopted the use of the bow. Historically, the Beja ruled the vast territory of theirs (laying between Northern Nigeria and Sudan) in five kingdoms namely, the Naqis, Baqlin (Taflin), Bazin, Jarin and Qata (Qita, also perhaps Qasa).

Arabia Petra

Arabia Petra spread between African Kushitic Egypt and Mesopotamia (another African kushitic area in the ancient times) (Josephus). It was originally settled by an early branch of the Cushitic Ethiopian people who spoke a proto-type semitic dialect.

The Beja’s known as the ancient Blemmyes one of the earliest known nomadic tribes to dwell in the deserts of Africa and Arabia probably provided the founding population of Arabia Petra.

Other sections of the African population from the early Caspian culture and other culture complex centered on Ethiopia Axum and Ethiopia Kush may have equally contributed to the early settlement of Arabia Petra.

Some of these early African Black Arabs crossed the Red Sea whilst others migrated overland through the Nile valley into Arabia. Arabia Petrea thus became an early blending pot of African cultures. Due to this cultural ferment many nomads soon abandoned their wandering lives to establish sophisticated towns and cities together with the more sedentary population. These melange later became known as the Nabateans and their capital was Petra. (Drussilla Houstons) See also http://nabataea.net/arabia.html.

During the Roman period, the word Arab was a synonymy for Nabatean and vice versa. When the Romans incorporated Nabatea into their Empire, it was officially designated as the Province of Arabia. Numerous sculptures found in Arabia Petra clearly depict its population as African through their physical features. One classical example is that of Emperor Philip of Arabia one of the later Emperors of Rome, who was indigenous to Arabia Petra. His sculptures demonstrate that physically speaking, Emperor Philip of Arabia was a Black man of African descent. Here is a picture of a statue of the Black African Roman Emperor Philip “the Arab”.
Black Roman Emperor Philip "the Arab"
Emperor Philip the Arab

Arabia Felix

Arabia Felix laid further south of Petra. Arabia Felix was bounded by the Shiraz region of the Persian Gulf, the Eritrean or Red sea (Africa) as well as the Indian Ocean. This country was rich in spices and in it was situated the famous cities of Mecca and Medina.

Here was the country of the Yemenis, the Habashas, the Sabas, the Hadramautians and the Mineans. All these were sections of the Ethiopian-Axumite tribes similar to the Amharas, the Oromos and the Tigriyeans, who had expanded the ancient lucrative spice trade to Arabia.

It should be noted that in addition to coffee, Ethiopia is the original homeland of incenses such as frankincense, myrrh, and spices like cinnamon. The traditional African planters of these cash crops and the African maritime operators of this most lucrative of ancient trades extended their operations from Ethiopia across the straits of Bab-el-Mandel to take advantage of the fertile land and the natural habours of Arabia Felix, which subsequently became export hubs of the ancient trade. (See Strabo,geography Book XVI.iv.19). Produce was shipped routinely from the highlands of Ethiopia into Ethiopian owned- Arabia Felix for exports to the rest of the world.

Given the historical, genetic, physical and geographical proximity between Ethiopia and Arabia Felix and the similarity of the cultural expression of both land, it is not a wonder why the ancient Greek writers swore that the Ethiopians ruled the whole of Arabia. It was clear to the sophisticated Greeks and the worldly Romans that Black Africans settled and developed this portion of Arabia!

Arabia Deserta

Arabia Deserta was originally people by the Bejas and kindred groups from Africa. These are the original owners of the Sahara and its extension known as the Arabia Desert. The Bejas as we have seen from preceeding paragraphs were the first to be called Bedouins due to their nomadic culture and their preference for Desert habitats.

In the beginning of Holocene period, a group of landless, barbarian, starving, pale-skinned Central Asian refugees now known as the pale-skin Arabs (i.e. the so-called Semites) began living side by side with the nomadic African Cushitic Bejas who owned the entire Sahara desert between the Nile and the Arabian peninsula. Over the course of time these two peoples have intermingled culturally and genetically that there is barely any pale skin (Arabized) Arabs alive today that does not carry extensive Africa genes in his blood. The descendants of this intermingling are the so-called modern Semitic Arabs (more precisely known as the Arabized Arabs) who trace their roots through Abraham.

The Central Asian barbarians did not develop any states, high culture or language in Arabia. They were destitues, mostly ignorant, unread and illiterate. The Koran takes great pain to dissociate this group from the high cultural attainment of ancient Arabia. It is clearly stated that until the advent of the Islamic Prophet Muhammed, these so-called Semites lived in a state of perpetual brutality, savagery, warfare and robbery. The Koran also takes pain to identify the original Black Arabs who had lived in Ad, Thamud, Imru etc, as the originators and builders of Arab civilization and culture.

These Arabized Arabs have sublimated stories of their origin in the legend of Abraham, which narrates of his journey from somewhere proximate to central Asia into the Black African territory of Arabia. He was said to have married a Black Egyptian-born wife, Hagar/Hajir, and their son was named, Ishmael/Ismail. In this legend one immediately becomes aware of the central Asian origin of its heros and the resultant miscegenation which gave rise to the Arabised Arabs.

These so-called descendants of Abraham (actually mix breed from Black African Bejas and pale central Asian-stanis like the Turkmenistanis) settled in Mecca which was then under the overlordship of the Kushitic-Ethiopic owners of Arabia-Felix. This category of Arabs normally called themselves Adnaniyun that is, after one of their great tribal ancestors Adnan.

Despite the mythical origin of this peculiar historical source, it is clear that conscious effort has been made by Arabized Arabs to associate their tribes to African Royal pedigree.

Since it is generally known that Kushitic citizenship was matrilineal, and only children born by Kemitic Kushite mothers could aspire to be Kings in Egypt and Ethiopia, it does not take a lot of imagination to understand the role of the black Egyptian (Kemitic Kushite) Hagar in the Abraham story. The Arabized Arabs actually claim a Black African historical and archetypal mother!

No wonder “Aswad” (Black) is such an attractive concept in Arabic language.

December 9,2006

To be continued


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60 thoughts on “The Original Black African Arabs of Arabia (Part 2) — Ogu Eji-Ofo Annu”

  1. To Nehesy, Shakazulu, Bryant and all who have asked –

    Very sorry I have not been on the site and didn’t see your question about my site. I will definitely be in touch about it, but am shooting for the end of March this year at the latest! Sorry again for the delay in response.

  2. Dana, are you still going to built that website. Because I love to learn more about this subject.

    The easiest way to built one is by using a wizard.

    Thanks

  3. Very informative….i know that all the prophets are people of color….and i am glad to see that others know this as well….we need to spread this knowledge together for those who lack….but especially to the women and children….keep up the good work as the truth is being revealed thru your efforts…agreed

  4. There is a presence of African so called “blacks” among many of the the indigenous Arab tribes. There is however dark skinned People in Hadramout and Al Mahra provinces of Yemen.This do not descend from former slaves and they are believed to be rests of ancient veddoid as well as Negrito groups in the Peninsula.These hold the lowest social status in Yemen, much lower than descendants of African origin.The Haplogroups of Negrito and Vedda groups do not cluster with that of Africans, even if they do look African by appearance.They do cluster with Tibetans and other Asiatic groups.This makes them truely Asians.There is no “Black People” – there is only dark skin colour and frizzy hair. Any group of people may have it such as several African races, several Arabian races, several Asian races, several Oceanic races. BTW, not all African origine peoples of Hejaz descend from slaves.Many settled the area peacefully or stayed after Hajj. We Arabs do not have the same black and white thinking like the white Europeans or their descendants.
    What is much more important, is the tribal affiliation of each individual, not the colour of one’s skin. Most of the slave hunting groups in central Africa where actually black Arabs, tipped of by native Africans about the where abouts of some “non Arab/non-Muslim groups”. This was a criminal act, same as the enslavement of whole groups in modern India as forced labourer of so many ebay items.I condemn it! But Arabs took also white slaves .This was also wrong. It brought a very nasty and destructive racial element into the Arabian Peninsula. If racism persist among Arabs, it comes from the offspring with those white slaves. The so called former “saracenes” i.e. Lebanese, Syrian, and North African Arabs can be racists. Syrian city dwellers may actually walk up to a dark skinned Arab and ask: “whose slave are you?” This may also happen among Palestinians.The other reason is that this northern Arabs have less dignity which got lost during milenia of farming and warfare.
    Loss of ones own true origin and tribal society. Occupation and colonization, lack of education…..crusades….etc.In other words, utter confusion.

  5. Rudi – many of the articles that will be on my web-site are already up on this site.

    And for the last comment. Arabians of the early Islamic you contradict yourself in saying we arabs do not have this thing about black and white and then further down saying there are “no black people ” and the short dark-skinned people hold the lowest caste status. Arabs of whatever color problems to everyone else in the world. The fact is like you they may not be as contemptuous of black people but they sure are contemptuous of the black complexion and equating it with slavery as do many other people. You are correct however in saying the Arabs also took white slaves and that was wrong. In fact it was the Arabians who were the original slavers and racist and black nationalists, and looked down on fair skinned people thinking anyone with fair skin “resembled a slave.” Later people like Syrians and Iraqis now think they are more Arabs then some of the real Arabs in Arabia just because they are dark or near black in color like you have suggested. However, even this is not the point. What is the point is that there is the Afro-Arabian heritage that is being lost and was distinct from the modern culture and yet the past is being interpreted, genetics included, on the framework of this false view of who was in Arabia. The religious foundation of three great religions of the world is based on early Arab views of life and the cosmos which were affiliated with early “black Africans” and we will never be able to understand their true significance when the world is not permitted to acknowledge this fact because of various nationalistic inclinations of people around the world.

    Lastly, dark skinned, frizzy haired people in Arabia called themselves “the blacks” and none of them were “Negritos” in the sense of brachycephalic peoples of the Maldives or southern India. The short types in Arabia are likely descendants of Nilotic Mushabians who settled the Near East first influencing the late Natufian culture of Jordan. The Ghassulian Chalcolithic culture also probably contributed to the small attenuated limbed people found along the coasts including the red sea coast in Africa and was probably related to the proto-Egyptians and Beja and early Saharans. Meanwhile tribes like the Yafii, Yahar, Mahra, Ruhaweyn, Wubar and other Qahtan of modern Arabia (or so called Jocktanides) are found on both sides of the Red sea and are obviously Ethiopian and Somali related who skeletal types are probably related to the Saharan neolithic cultures as indicated by the similarities in techniques of painted rock art of the Syro-Arabian deserts to those of the Sahara.

    There are no true “Negritos” per say in Arabia and yes so-called “Negritos” further east Asia cluster with other Asians but also with so called San types. The types that used to be called “Negritos” in Arabia because they were short as the Shihu or Shuwa (Shihiyyin or Shuwaiyyen of the Persian Gulf) are actually full -blooded Arabians who have preserved the early physical types once spread from Northern Africa to Indonesia and probably represented by the short kinky haired types of Dravidians, and early occupants of Elam .

  6. Gosh! I sure made a lot of errors in th first paragraph I just posted I need to correct this. Sorry.

    I meant:
    And for the last comment., you contradict yourself in saying ” we arabs” do not have this thing about black and white like Europeans, and then further down saying there are “no black people ” and that the shorter dark-skinned people hold the lowest caste status. Arabs of whatever color have the same color problems to everyone else in the world. Everybody should agree to that. The fact is, like you, they may not be as contemptuous of black people but they sure are contemptuous of the black complexion equating it with slavery (as do many other people. ) They “Saudis, etc, also have the same “good hair” problem as “blacks” and people of color elsewhere. And we all no what that is. You are correct however in saying “the Arabs” also took white slaves and that “that was wrong”. In fact it was black and dark brown Arabs who were the among greatest racists and slavers and certainly the orignal black nationalists, looking down on fair skinned people thinking anyone with fair skin “resembled a slave.” Later people like Syrians and Iraqis and many fair-skinned Arabs in the peninsula today who think they are more Arabs then some of the real unmixed Arabs in Arabia just because they are dark or near black in color like you have admitted. However, even this is not the point. What is the point is that there is the Afro-Arabian heritage that is being lost and was distinct from the modern culture and yet the past is being interpreted, genetics included, on the framework of this false view of who was in Arabia in the early Islamic period. The religious foundation of three great religions of the world is based on early Arab views of life and the cosmos and these Arabs and their Sabeanism WERE VERY MUCH affiliated biologically and culturally with early “black Africans”. Finally, we will never be able to understand the true significance of these religions because we have not been permitted to learn of and acknowledge these facts due to various nationalistic inclinations of people of every sort around the world.

  7. The Ancient Arabs’ Description of the Pure Arabs

    The best way to get a true picture of what the original Arabs of the past looked like is to ask the original Arabs of the past themselves. So let’s take a look at what the original, pure Arabs of 1400 years ago said about the appearance of the pure Arabs.

    Let’s begin with Miskeen Al Darimi the well-known, pure-blooded Arab poet of the 7th century AD. Miskeen is his nickname, but his real name is Rabee’ the son of ‘Aamir the son of Unaif the son of Shaarih the son of ‘Amru the son of Zaid the son of Abdellah the son of ‘Uds the son of Darim the son of Malik the son of Handhala the son of Zaid Manah the son of Tamim the son of Murr the son of Udd the son of Taabikha the son of Yaas the son of Mudar the son of Nizar the son Ma’add the son of Adnan.

    It’s a known fact that Miskeen was black-skinned. He once proposed to a girl and she rejected him because of his blackness and his poorness. The girl later married a rich man who was from a tribe not as pure Arab as Miskeen’s tribe. Miskeen one day saw the the girl who rejected him because of his blackness and poorness sitting with her husband, who was from a tribe not as pure as Miskeen’s tribe. Miskeen stopped and said to them:

    “I am Miskeen, for those who know me. My color is dark, the color of the Arabs.”

    Need I say more? Didn’t Miskeen, the famous, 7th century, pure-blooded, black-skinned Arab from the famous Arab tribes of Banu Darim and Banu Tamim, say enough when he said that his black complexion is the color of the Arabs? Aren’t Miskeen’s revealing words enough proof that the original, pure Arabs were black-skinned? Would black-skinned Miskeen, who was a pure Arab from a pure Arab tribe, say that his black complexion was the color of the Arabs if his tribe (Banu Darim and Banu Tamim) and the Arabs he lived amongst weren’t a black-skinned people?

    Read the following words of Al Fadl ibn Al Abbas Al Lahabi, the famous 7th century Arab poet who was from the tribe of Quraish from his father’s side of the family and his mother’s side of the family. Quraish is the same tribe that the Prophet Mohamed (PBUH) is from. His mother was Amina the daughter of Abbas, who was the uncle of the Prophet Mohamed (PBUH). So his mother was the Prophet’s cousin. His great grandfather, Abi Lahab of course was the Prophet Mohamed’s uncle. Al Fadl the son of Abbas the son of ‘Utba the son of Abi Lahab the son of Abdel Muttalib the son of Haashim said:

    “I am the black-skinned one (green). I am well-known. My complexion is black (green). I am from the noble house of the Arabs. Whoever crosses swords with me will cross swords with one who is noble and strong.

    “Verily the children of Abd Manaf (one of the ancestor’s of the Prophet Mohamed’s branch of Quraish) are jewels and the children of Abdel Muttalib (the grandfather of the Prophet Mohamed) embellished the jewels.

    “We are a people whom Allah has built nobility for–above the noble houses of the Arabs. Through His Prophet and the Prophet’s cousin (Ali ibn Abi Talib) and the Prophet’s uncle Abbas the son of Abdel Muttalib.”

    Concerning these words of Al Fadl ibn Al Abbas ibn ‘Utba ibn Abi Lahab, Ibn Mandour, of the 13th century AD, says in his well-known Arabic lexicon Lisan Al Arab, “He (Al Fadl ibn Al Abbas) says ‘I am pure’ because the color of the Arabs is dark”. Ibn Mandour further says, “It is said that he (Al Fadl) meant that he is from the purest of the Arabs because most Arabs are black-skinned”.

    Ibn Berry, the well-known Arab grammarian of the 12th century AD, explains Al Fadl ibn Al Abbas’s words by saying, “…He means by this that his genealogy is pure and that he is a pure Arab because the Arabs describe their color as black and they describe the color of the non-Arab Persians as red”. Click below for original in Arabic.

    Ibn Mandour further describes the pure Arabs by saying, “Lank hair is the kind of hair that most non-Arab Persians and Romans have while kinky hair is the kind of hair that most Arabs have”. Click below for original in Arabic.

    There you have it–testimony from the original Arabs themselves. They have told us that the pure Arabs are black-skinned with kinky hair. They have proven beyond a shadow of doubt that the true appearance of the pure Arabs is entirely different from what people today think that a pure Arab looks like. Does it make any sense to disregard what the original, pure Arabs said about the appearance of the pure Arabs?

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